{"id":356,"date":"2021-09-30T00:25:29","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T00:25:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/crewinc.com.au\/irap\/?page_id=356"},"modified":"2023-02-08T02:19:36","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T02:19:36","slug":"intersection-grade-separation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-grade-separation\/","title":{"rendered":"Intersection \u2013 saut de niveau"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"356\" class=\"elementor elementor-356\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-11abef56 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"11abef56\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-31edd1a\" data-id=\"31edd1a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c2c0bb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c2c0bb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bedccc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bedccc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"677\" height=\"79\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Rectangle-6612.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-94\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Rectangle-6612.png 677w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Rectangle-6612-300x35.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 677px) 100vw, 677px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04f47cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-raven-search-form\" data-id=\"04f47cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_skin&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"raven-search-form.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<form class=\"raven-search-form raven-search-form-classic\" method=\"get\" action=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/\" role=\"search\" data-trp-original-action=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"raven-search-form-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"raven-search-form-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"elementor-screen-only\" for=\"raven-search-form-input\">Recherche<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t<input id=\"raven-search-form-input\" class=\"raven-search-form-input\" type=\"search\" name=\"s\" placeholder=\"Chercher...\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"raven-search-form-button raven-search-form-button-svg\" type=\"submit\" aria-label=\"Recherche\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-search\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"trp-form-language\" value=\"fr\"\/><\/form>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3891745 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3891745\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf0f715\" data-id=\"bf0f715\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-803ea20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"803ea20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"1049\" class=\"elementor elementor-1049\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40dd03b8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40dd03b8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25e071d5\" data-id=\"25e071d5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a505fe9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a505fe9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/bike-pddbssjkumawvux2dcr2ftmtjpfdhyknhink2oyl8g.png\" title=\"Bicyclette\" alt=\"bike\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db0db22 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"db0db22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-db0db22\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5139\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Utilisateurs <br \/>de route<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1112\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/pedestrians\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1109\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/bicyclists-and-light-mobility\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Cyclistes et mobilit\u00e9 l\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1111\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/motorcyclists\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Motocyclistes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/car-occupants\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Occupants De Voitures<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1113\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/public-transport-vehicles\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">V\u00e9hicules de transport public<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1110\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/heavy-vehicles\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">V\u00e9hicules lourds<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-db0db22\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5139\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Utilisateurs <br \/>de route<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1112\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/pedestrians\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1109\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/bicyclists-and-light-mobility\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Cyclistes et mobilit\u00e9 l\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1111\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/motorcyclists\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Motocyclistes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/car-occupants\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Occupants De Voitures<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1113\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/public-transport-vehicles\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">V\u00e9hicules de transport public<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1110\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-users\/heavy-vehicles\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">V\u00e9hicules lourds<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-141df0ec\" data-id=\"141df0ec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48776c74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48776c74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/accident-pddbsrlqns9mk8yfiucfvbvcybk0a9gx5e02lezzeo.png\" title=\"accident\" alt=\"accident\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7afb83 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"b7afb83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-b7afb83\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5138\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Type d&#039;accident<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1059\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/pedestrian\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Pi\u00e9ton<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1054\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/bicyclist-and-light-mobility\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Cycliste et Mobilit\u00e9 L\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1055\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/head-on\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">De front<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1056\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/intersections\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersections<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1104\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/run-off-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Courir hors route<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1060\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/rear-end\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 arri\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1057\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/lane-change\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Changement de voie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1058\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/manoeuvring\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Man\u0153uvrer<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-b7afb83\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5138\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Type d&#039;accident<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1059\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/pedestrian\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Pi\u00e9ton<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1054\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/bicyclist-and-light-mobility\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Cycliste et Mobilit\u00e9 L\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1055\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/head-on\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">De front<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1056\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/intersections\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersections<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1104\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/run-off-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Courir hors route<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1060\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/rear-end\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 arri\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1057\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/lane-change\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Changement de voie<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1058\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/crash-type\/manoeuvring\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Man\u0153uvrer<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6eb2ff86\" data-id=\"6eb2ff86\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30b15ea7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"30b15ea7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/road-pddbssjkumawvux2dcr2ftmtjpfdhyknhink2oyl8g.png\" title=\"route\" alt=\"road\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11553c1 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"11553c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-11553c1\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5137\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Types de route<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1089\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/streets\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Des rues<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1088\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/distributors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Distributeurs<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1107\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/highways\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Autoroutes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1108\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/motorways\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Autoroutes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1090\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/tunnels\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Tunnels<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-11553c1\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5137\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Types de route<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1089\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/streets\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Des rues<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1088\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/distributors\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Distributeurs<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1107\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/highways\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Autoroutes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1108\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/motorways\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Autoroutes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1090\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/road-types\/tunnels\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Tunnels<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-29bb8303\" data-id=\"29bb8303\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7887d781 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7887d781\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/warning-sign-pddbsthf1gc77gvp7v5p0bea53aqpnodtnb1jyx728.png\" title=\"panneau d&#039;avertissement\" alt=\"warning sign\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4c7e40 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"f4c7e40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-f4c7e40\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5134\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Traitements<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"safer-people-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5141\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Des personnes plus s\u00fbres<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1699\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/safe-speed\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Vitesse de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1115\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/addressing-alcohol-and-other-drugs\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Lutter contre l&#039;alcool et les autres drogues<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1116\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/child-safety-initiatives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Initiatives pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des enfants<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1117\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/education\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u00c9ducation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1693\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/emergency-response\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9ponse d&#039;urgence<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1694\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/enforcement\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Mise en vigueur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1695\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/fatigue-management\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Gestion de la fatigue<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1696\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/helmets-and-protective-clothing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Casques et v\u00eatements de protection<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1697\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/licensing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Licence<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1698\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/publicity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Publicit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1700\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/seatbelts\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Ceinture de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5142\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Route plus s\u00fbre<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9072\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Notions<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2038\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/self-explaining-road-ser-concept\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Concept de route auto-explicatif (SER)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2037\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/forgiving-roads-concept\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Concept de routes indulgentes<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9073\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Intersections<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1713\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-delineation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersection \u2013 D\u00e9limitation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1124\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-grade-separation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersection \u2013 D\u00e9nivel\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1125\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-roundabout\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersection \u2013 Rond-point<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1126\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-signalise\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersection \u2013 Signalisation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1127\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersections-turn-lanes-signalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersections \u2013 Voies de virage (signalis\u00e9es)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1128\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersections-turn-lanes-unsignalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Intersections \u2013 Voies de virage (non signal\u00e9es)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1130\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/median-crossing-upgrade\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Mise \u00e0 niveau du franchissement m\u00e9dian<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1138\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/railway-crossing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Passage \u00e0 niveau<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9074\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Bloc interm\u00e9diaire<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1122\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/delineation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">D\u00e9limitation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1123\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/duplication\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Reproduction<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1121\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/central-turning-lane-full-length\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Voie de virage centrale sur toute la longueur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1120\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/central-hatching-wide-centrelines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Hachures centrales \u2013 Lignes m\u00e9dianes larges<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1129\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/lane-widening\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u00c9largissement de voie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1726\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/median\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">M\u00e9dian<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1132\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/one-way-network\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9seau \u00e0 sens unique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1133\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/parking-improvements\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Am\u00e9liorations du stationnement<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1141\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/regulate-roadside-commercial-activity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9glementer l&#039;activit\u00e9 commerciale en bordure de route<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1139\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/realignment-horizontal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9alignement \u2013 Horizontal<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1140\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/realignment-vertical\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9alignement \u2013 Vertical<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1142\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/restrict-combine-direct-access-points\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Restreindre\/combiner les points d&#039;acc\u00e8s direct<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1149\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/skid-resistance\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9sistance au d\u00e9rapage<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1119\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/overtaking-lane-and-2-plus-1-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Voie de d\u00e9passement et route 2+1<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1143\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/road-surface-rehabilitation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">R\u00e9habilitation de la surface de la route<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1146\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/service-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Voie de service<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/sight-distance-obstruction-removal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Distance de vue (\u00e9limination d&#039;obstruction)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1150\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/street-lighting\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">L&#039;\u00e9clairage des rues<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9075\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Bords de route<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1134\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/paved-shoulder\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u00c9paule pav\u00e9e<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1144\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/roadside-safety-barriers\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 Barri\u00e8res<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2023\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/roadside-safety-hazard-removal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 \u00c9limination des dangers<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1147\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/sideslope-improvements\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 Am\u00e9liorations des talus<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1145\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/rumble-strips\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Bandes rugueuses<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9076\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">Usagers vuln\u00e9rables de la route<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2000\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/bicycle-facilities\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Installations pour v\u00e9los<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1131\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/motorcycle-lanes\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Voies de moto<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1135\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-grade-separation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 D\u00e9nivel\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1136\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-signalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 Signalis\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2009\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-unsignalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 Non signal\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4226\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-raised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 sur\u00e9lev\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2018\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-fencing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Cl\u00f4ture pour pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2013\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-footpath\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Sentier pi\u00e9ton<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1137\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-refuge-island\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">\u00cele du refuge pour pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4025\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/road-works-safety\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 des travaux routiers<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2033\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/school-zones\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Zones scolaires<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2034\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/speed-management-and-traffic-calming\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Gestion de la vitesse et apaisement du trafic<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li class=\"safer-vehicle-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5143\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\">V\u00e9hicule plus s\u00fbr<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1705\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/motor-vehicle-standards\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Normes relatives aux v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 moteur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1701\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/new-car-assessment-programs-ncap\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Programmes d&#039;\u00e9valuation des voitures neuves (NCAP)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1702\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/safety-features-and-devices\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Fonctionnalit\u00e9s et dispositifs de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1703\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/used-car-safety-ratings\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Cotes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des voitures d&#039;occasion<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1704\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/vehicle-roadworthiness\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Contr\u00f4le technique du v\u00e9hicule<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-f4c7e40\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5134\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Traitements<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"safer-people-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5141\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Des personnes plus s\u00fbres<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1699\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/safe-speed\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Vitesse de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1115\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/addressing-alcohol-and-other-drugs\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Lutter contre l&#039;alcool et les autres drogues<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1116\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/child-safety-initiatives\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Initiatives pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des enfants<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1117\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/education\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u00c9ducation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1693\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/emergency-response\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9ponse d&#039;urgence<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1694\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/enforcement\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Mise en vigueur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1695\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/fatigue-management\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Gestion de la fatigue<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1696\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/helmets-and-protective-clothing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Casques et v\u00eatements de protection<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1697\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/licensing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Licence<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1698\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/publicity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Publicit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1700\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-people-treatments\/seatbelts\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Ceinture de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5142\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Route plus s\u00fbre<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9072\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Notions<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2038\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/self-explaining-road-ser-concept\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Concept de route auto-explicatif (SER)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2037\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/forgiving-roads-concept\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Concept de routes indulgentes<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9073\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersections<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1713\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-delineation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersection \u2013 D\u00e9limitation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1124\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-grade-separation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersection \u2013 D\u00e9nivel\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1125\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-roundabout\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersection \u2013 Rond-point<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1126\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersection-signalise\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersection \u2013 Signalisation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1127\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersections-turn-lanes-signalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersections \u2013 Voies de virage (signalis\u00e9es)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1128\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/intersections-turn-lanes-unsignalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Intersections \u2013 Voies de virage (non signal\u00e9es)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1130\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/median-crossing-upgrade\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Mise \u00e0 niveau du franchissement m\u00e9dian<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1138\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/railway-crossing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Passage \u00e0 niveau<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9074\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Bloc interm\u00e9diaire<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1122\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/delineation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">D\u00e9limitation<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1123\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/duplication\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Reproduction<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1121\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/central-turning-lane-full-length\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Voie de virage centrale sur toute la longueur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1120\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/central-hatching-wide-centrelines\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Hachures centrales \u2013 Lignes m\u00e9dianes larges<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1129\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/lane-widening\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u00c9largissement de voie<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1726\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/median\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">M\u00e9dian<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1132\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/one-way-network\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9seau \u00e0 sens unique<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1133\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/parking-improvements\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Am\u00e9liorations du stationnement<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1141\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/regulate-roadside-commercial-activity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9glementer l&#039;activit\u00e9 commerciale en bordure de route<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1139\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/realignment-horizontal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9alignement \u2013 Horizontal<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1140\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/realignment-vertical\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9alignement \u2013 Vertical<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1142\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/restrict-combine-direct-access-points\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Restreindre\/combiner les points d&#039;acc\u00e8s direct<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1149\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/skid-resistance\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9sistance au d\u00e9rapage<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1119\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/overtaking-lane-and-2-plus-1-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Voie de d\u00e9passement et route 2+1<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1143\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/road-surface-rehabilitation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">R\u00e9habilitation de la surface de la route<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1146\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/service-road\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Voie de service<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1148\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/sight-distance-obstruction-removal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Distance de vue (\u00e9limination d&#039;obstruction)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1150\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/street-lighting\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">L&#039;\u00e9clairage des rues<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9075\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Bords de route<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1134\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/paved-shoulder\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u00c9paule pav\u00e9e<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1144\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/roadside-safety-barriers\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 Barri\u00e8res<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2023\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/roadside-safety-hazard-removal\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 \u00c9limination des dangers<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1147\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/sideslope-improvements\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re \u2013 Am\u00e9liorations des talus<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1145\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/rumble-strips\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Bandes rugueuses<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-9076\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Usagers vuln\u00e9rables de la route<\/a>\n\t\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2000\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/bicycle-facilities\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Installations pour v\u00e9los<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1131\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/motorcycle-lanes\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Voies de moto<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1135\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-grade-separation\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 D\u00e9nivel\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1136\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-signalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 Signalis\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2009\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-unsignalised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 Non signal\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4226\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-crossing-raised\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Passage pour pi\u00e9tons \u2013 sur\u00e9lev\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2018\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-fencing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Cl\u00f4ture pour pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2013\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-footpath\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Sentier pi\u00e9ton<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1137\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/pedestrian-refuge-island\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">\u00cele du refuge pour pi\u00e9tons<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4025\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/road-works-safety\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">S\u00e9curit\u00e9 des travaux routiers<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2033\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/school-zones\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Zones scolaires<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"safer-road-treatments-l2 menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2034\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-road-treatments\/speed-management-and-traffic-calming\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Gestion de la vitesse et apaisement du trafic<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\t<li class=\"safer-vehicle-treatments-menu menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5143\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-sub-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">V\u00e9hicule plus s\u00fbr<\/a>\n\t<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1705\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/motor-vehicle-standards\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Normes relatives aux v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 moteur<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1701\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/new-car-assessment-programs-ncap\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Programmes d&#039;\u00e9valuation des voitures neuves (NCAP)<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1702\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/safety-features-and-devices\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Fonctionnalit\u00e9s et dispositifs de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1703\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/used-car-safety-ratings\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Cotes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des voitures d&#039;occasion<\/a><\/li>\n\t\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1704\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/safer-vehicle-treatments\/vehicle-roadworthiness\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Contr\u00f4le technique du v\u00e9hicule<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-406011c7\" data-id=\"406011c7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b11ea48 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3b11ea48\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/person-pddbssjkumawvux2dcr2ftmtjpfdhyknhink2oyl8g.png\" title=\"personne\" alt=\"person\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d49bcc7 elementor-nav-menu__align-center elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"d49bcc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;horizontal&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot; aria-hidden=\\&quot;true\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;}}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav aria-label=\"Menu\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-d49bcc7\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5136\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\">Gestion<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1106\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/safe-system-approach\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Approche du syst\u00e8me s\u00fbr<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2036\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/road-safety-plans\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Plans de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1085\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/goals-targets-and-indicators\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Objectifs, cibles et indicateurs<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1105\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/road-safety-data\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Donn\u00e9es de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1084\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/crash-costing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Co\u00fbt de l&#039;accident<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3666\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/multimodal-transport-and-land-use-planning\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Transport multimodal et am\u00e9nagement du territoire<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1690\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/building-capacity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Renforcement des capacit\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3635\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/collaboration\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Collaboration<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3626\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/stakeholder-engagement\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Engagement des parties prenantes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1086\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/infrastructure-safety-management-tools\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Outils de gestion de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des infrastructures<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2441\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/reference-materials\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Mat\u00e9riel de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11605\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/safer-roads-resource-sharing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\">Partage des ressources pour des routes plus s\u00fbres<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-d49bcc7\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5136\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"elementor-item elementor-item-anchor\" tabindex=\"-1\">Gestion<\/a>\n<ul class=\"sub-menu elementor-nav-menu--dropdown\">\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1106\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/safe-system-approach\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Approche du syst\u00e8me s\u00fbr<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2036\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/road-safety-plans\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Plans de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1085\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/goals-targets-and-indicators\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Objectifs, cibles et indicateurs<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1105\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/road-safety-data\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Donn\u00e9es de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1084\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/crash-costing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Co\u00fbt de l&#039;accident<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3666\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/multimodal-transport-and-land-use-planning\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Transport multimodal et am\u00e9nagement du territoire<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1690\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/building-capacity\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Renforcement des capacit\u00e9s<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3635\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/collaboration\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Collaboration<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3626\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/stakeholder-engagement\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Engagement des parties prenantes<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1086\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/infrastructure-safety-management-tools\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Outils de gestion de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des infrastructures<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2441\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/reference-materials\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Mat\u00e9riel de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11605\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/safer-roads-resource-sharing\/\" class=\"elementor-sub-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Partage des ressources pour des routes plus s\u00fbres<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-61088a5 breadcrumbs-section elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"61088a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b6437d3\" data-id=\"b6437d3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16fda3b elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-raven-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"16fda3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"raven-breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"raven-breadcrumbs raven-breadcrumbs-default\"><div class=\"breadcrumb\">\t\t\t\t<div class=\"breadcrumb-item active\" aria-current=\"page\"><span>Domicile<\/span><\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2508b94a treatments-content-container elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2508b94a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c99c21\" data-id=\"9c99c21\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69d08463 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"69d08463\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Intersection - S\u00e9paration des niveaux\u200b<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14dfc6ef elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"14dfc6ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5279c06b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5279c06b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>La plupart des accidents se produisent aux intersections. La meilleure fa\u00e7on d&#039;arr\u00eater les mouvements d&#039;intersection conflictuels consiste \u00e0 placer les routes qui se croisent \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents niveaux ou \u00e0 diff\u00e9rentes pentes les s\u00e9parant. Cela peut \u00eatre fait avec des viaducs ou des \u00e9changeurs.<\/strong><\/p><p>Un passage sup\u00e9rieur est une simple s\u00e9paration de niveau de deux routes, sans lien r\u00e9el entre elles et donc sans \u00e9change de trafic possible. Les passages sup\u00e9rieurs sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9s lorsqu&#039;une route secondaire traverse une route principale et lorsqu&#039;une voie ferr\u00e9e traverse une route.<\/p><p>Un \u00e9changeur permet au trafic de se d\u00e9placer entre deux ou plusieurs routes qui sont d\u00e9nivel\u00e9es. Les \u00e9changeurs varient d&#039;arrangements simples avec des rampes et des intersections sur la route secondaire \u00e0 des am\u00e9nagements complexes o\u00f9 deux autoroutes ou plus (autoroutes principales ou autoroutes) se connectent.<\/p><p>Les \u00e9changeurs compacts ont une disposition plus \u00e9troite et sont des solutions \u00e9conomiques pour les routes divis\u00e9es \u00e0 des vitesses de conception inf\u00e9rieures. Ces \u00e9changeurs n\u00e9cessitent un seul pont sup\u00e9rieur et peuvent \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s au r\u00e9seau routier des am\u00e9nagements urbains voisins.<\/p><p>Les intersections d\u00e9nivel\u00e9es fonctionnent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement bien en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re puisque les mouvements conflictuels sont supprim\u00e9s. Cependant, des probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 pourraient survenir dans les zones de convergence et de divergence, et le long de toutes les courbes prononc\u00e9es sur les routes de raccordement.<\/p><p>Les intersections d\u00e9nivel\u00e9es doivent \u00eatre simples dans leur disposition et les changements de vitesse de conception doivent \u00eatre \u00e9vidents pour les conducteurs et les usagers. Les points de fusion ou de divergence successifs doivent \u00eatre introduits par \u00e9tapes avec une s\u00e9paration suffisante pour simplifier la t\u00e2che de conduite. Les barri\u00e8res de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et les parapets n\u00e9cessitent \u00e9galement une conception \u00e9labor\u00e9e car la s\u00e9paration des niveaux est associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des fuseaux divergents et \u00e0 des remblais, des d\u00e9nivellations, des passages inf\u00e9rieurs ou des ponts fr\u00e9quents.<\/p><p>Les viaducs et les \u00e9changeurs sont tr\u00e8s co\u00fbteux et sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement construits dans le cadre d&#039;un syst\u00e8me autoroutier o\u00f9 les flux de trafic importants justifient le co\u00fbt. Parfois, des \u00e9changeurs et des viaducs ferroviaires sont construits sur des autoroutes urbaines achaland\u00e9es lorsque cela est justifi\u00e9 par l&#039;am\u00e9lioration de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re et de la fluidit\u00e9 du trafic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dd7d7c elementor-tabs-alignment-stretch elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"5dd7d7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9841\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9841\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Avantages<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-9842\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9842\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Probl\u00e8mes de mise en \u0153uvre<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9841\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Avantages<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9841\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9841\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><ul><li>R\u00e9duction des types d&#039;accidents aux intersections.<\/li><li>Am\u00e9lioration de la fluidit\u00e9 du trafic.<\/li><li>Simplifie les mouvements potentiellement complexes typiques aux intersections en &#039;T&#039; et &#039;X&#039;.<\/li><li>Supprime le co\u00fbt d&#039;ex\u00e9cution du mat\u00e9riel de contr\u00f4le du trafic au niveau du sol<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-9842\" aria-expanded=\"false\">Probl\u00e8mes de mise en \u0153uvre<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-9842\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-9842\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><ul><li>Une gamme d&#039;options de conception doit \u00eatre envisag\u00e9e avant de choisir la disposition d&#039;un \u00e9changeur.<\/li><li>La conception de l&#039;\u00e9changeur devrait tirer parti de la topographie locale pour minimiser les travaux de terrassement et faciliter le trafic entrant ou sortant de la ligne principale.<\/li><li>Les \u00e9changes doivent \u00eatre relativement simples avec des points de d\u00e9cision limit\u00e9s et espac\u00e9s. Ils doivent permettre \u00e0 tous les conducteurs d&#039;identifier facilement la direction avec un minimum de changement de voie.<\/li><li>Les zones de fusion ou de divergence inhabituelles doivent \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9es.<\/li><li>La signalisation directionnelle doit \u00eatre correcte, claire, visible et commencer bien avant les zones divergentes.<\/li><li>Les zones de convergence et de divergence doivent \u00eatre \u00e9tendues si le trafic est important ou situ\u00e9 sur un alignement d\u00e9favorable,<\/li><li>Les zones de convergence et de divergence doivent \u00eatre con\u00e7ues avec une visibilit\u00e9 et une longueur ad\u00e9quates pour l&#039;acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration ou la d\u00e9c\u00e9l\u00e9ration.<\/li><li>La n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de r\u00e9duire la vitesse sur les routes de raccordement \u00e0 l&#039;int\u00e9rieur d&#039;un \u00e9changeur devrait \u00eatre \u00e9vidente pour les conducteurs quittant la ligne principale.<\/li><li>Aux \u00e9changeurs complexes et aux \u00e9changeurs \u00e0 forts flux convergents ou divergents, les zones successives de convergence et de divergence doivent \u00eatre espac\u00e9es.<\/li><li>Un \u00e9changeur devrait permettre aux cyclistes et aux pi\u00e9tons de traverser le secteur.<\/li><li>L&#039;ajout de rampes d&#039;acc\u00e8s et de sorties \u00e0 une autoroute peut augmenter le tissage \u00e0 grande vitesse et la fusion des collisions.<\/li><li>Les \u00e9changeurs peuvent avoir un impact n\u00e9gatif sur l&#039;apparence d&#039;une zone.<\/li><li>Les \u00e9changeurs peuvent s\u00e9parer les communaut\u00e9s en raison de leur taille.<\/li><li>Les passages \u00e0 niveau \u00e0 s\u00e9paration de niveau peuvent impliquer le r\u00e9alignement vertical d&#039;une longue longueur de voie ferr\u00e9e (car les trains ne peuvent pas circuler sur des pentes raides), ce qui est tr\u00e8s co\u00fbteux.<\/li><li>Certains am\u00e9nagements d&#039;\u00e9changeurs sont sensibles \u00e0 la circulation \u00e0 contre-sens qui n\u00e9cessitent des mesures d&#039;att\u00e9nuation appropri\u00e9es.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26a5509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-2114 elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26a5509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>le\u00a0<a tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"https:\/\/demonstrator.vida.irap.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/demonstrator.vida.irap.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"D\u00e9monstrateur de classement par \u00e9toiles Link\">D\u00e9monstrateur de classement par \u00e9toiles<\/a>\u00a0est un outil disponible gratuitement avec le logiciel en ligne iRAP,\u00a0<a tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"https:\/\/vida.irap.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/vida.irap.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"Lien ViDA\">ViDA<\/a>. Avec le\u00a0<a tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"https:\/\/demonstrator.vida.irap.org\/\" href=\"https:\/\/demonstrator.vida.irap.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" aria-label=\"D\u00e9monstrateur de classement par \u00e9toiles Link\">D\u00e9monstrateur de classement par \u00e9toiles<\/a>, il est possible d&#039;explorer l&#039;impact que ce traitement des routes plus s\u00fbres a sur le risque.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a074873\" data-id=\"5a074873\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d56f62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9d56f62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/management\/goals-targets-and-indicators\/\">Objectifs mondiaux de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re des Nations Unies<\/a><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12377d1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"12377d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ad2180 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"5ad2180\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"row gallery galleryid-356 gallery-columns-4 gallery-size-thumbnail\" data-uk-grid-margin=\"\"><figure class=\"gallery-item\"><div class=\"gallery-icon portrait\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"5ad2180\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"UN Target Goal 3: By 2030, all new roads achieve technical standards for all road users that take into account road safety, or meet a three star rating or better.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTY4OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3Rvb2xraXQuaXJhcC5vcmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAxXC9VTi1UYXJnZXQtR29hbC0zLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjVhZDIxODAifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-3.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"120\" height=\"124\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-3.jpg 120w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-3-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 120px) 100vw, 120px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/figure><figure class=\"gallery-item\"><div class=\"gallery-icon portrait\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"5ad2180\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"UN Target Goal 4: By 2030, more than 75% of travel on existing roads is on roads that meet technical standards for all road users that take into account road safety.\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTY5MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3Rvb2xraXQuaXJhcC5vcmdcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjJcLzAxXC9VTi1UYXJnZXQtR29hbC00LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjVhZDIxODAifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-4.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"121\" height=\"122\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-4.jpg 121w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/UN-Target-Goal-4-12x12.jpg 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 121px) 100vw, 121px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/figure><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16586cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"16586cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\"><h1 style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size: 20px;font-weight: bold;line-height: 27px;white-space: normal\">R\u00e9sum\u00e9 du traitement<\/h1><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7c2746 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"e7c2746\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ffe9a0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"ffe9a0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"wptb-container-legacy\" data-table-id=\"6094\">\n    <table class=\"wptb-preview-table wptb-element-main-table_setting-2373 edit-active\" data-reconstraction=\"1\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); float: left;\" data-wptb-table-tds-sum-max-width=\"258.666667\" data-wptb-extra-styles=\"LyogRW50ZXIgeW91ciBjdXN0b20gQ1NTIHJ1bGVzIGhlcmUgKi8K\" role=\"table\" data-wptb-header-background-color=\"\" data-table-columns=\"2\" data-wptb-td-width-auto=\"100\" data-wptb-cells-width-auto-count=\"2\" data-wptb-responsive-directives=\"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\" data-wptb-adaptive-table=\"0\" data-wptb-table-alignment=\"left\" data-wptb-apply-table-container-max-width=\"1\" data-wptb-table-container-max-width=\"850\" data-wptb-horizontal-scroll-status=\"false\"><tbody><tr class=\"wptb-row\"><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"0\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-4\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(74, 85, 104);\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p>Frais<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"0\" data-x-index=\"1\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-5\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(74, 85, 104);\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>Haut<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"wptb-row\"><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"0\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-7\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(74, 85, 104);\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p>Dur\u00e9e de vie du traitement<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"1\" data-x-index=\"1\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-8\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(74, 85, 104);\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>20 ans +<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"wptb-row\"><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"0\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-10\" style=\"font-size: 13px;\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p>R\u00e9duction potentielle des pertes<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"wptb-cell\" data-y-index=\"2\" data-x-index=\"1\" style=\"border: 1px solid rgb(209, 209, 209); padding: 14px;\" data-wptb-css-td-auto-width=\"true\"><div class=\"wptb-text-container wptb-ph-element wptb-element-text-11\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(74, 85, 104);\"><div class=\"\" style=\"position: relative;\"><p><strong>25-40%<\/strong><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2df23e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2df23e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\"><h1 style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-size: 20px;font-weight: bold;line-height: 27px;white-space: normal\">\u00c9tudes de cas<\/h1><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec1d39f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"ec1d39f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9dac5fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"9dac5fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"frm_no_entries\">Aucune \u00e9tude de cas connexe \u00e0 ce stade<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2743b5e elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-7793 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2743b5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-lg\" href=\"\/fr\/case-studies\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-double-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Voir toutes les \u00e9tudes de cas<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27f8d0d elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"27f8d0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a8abd02 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a8abd02\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a6a317\" data-id=\"5a6a317\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2fe9bbb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2fe9bbb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0b9466f\" data-id=\"0b9466f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0adea85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0adea85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Images connexes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bda92b7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"bda92b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-491be8d elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8646 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"491be8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/irap.kontainer.com\/shared\/C9OHWHEF8t3xK48ioPns93GA16cyY1Xs\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-search\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Voir toutes les images li\u00e9es au traitement routier plus s\u00fbr ici<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7428138 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"7428138\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div id=\"metaslider-id-9384\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-105-0 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-9384 ml-slider has-dots-nav has-carousel-mode ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"3.Traitements (routes) -Intersection (niveau sep)\" data-height=\"300\" data-width=\"370\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_9384\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_9384\">\n            <ul class='slides'>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-9395 ms-image\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2022-02-15 00:17:50\" data-filename=\"Grade-separation-in-Romania.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separation-in-Romania.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu.jpg\" class=\"slider-9384 slide-9395 msDefaultImage\" alt=\"\" rel=\"\" title=\"S\u00e9paration de niveau en Roumanie. Cr\u00e9dit Alina Burlacu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separation-in-Romania.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu.jpg 600w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separation-in-Romania.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separation-in-Romania.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">S\u00e9paration de niveau en Roumanie. Cr\u00e9dit image : Alina Burlacu<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-9396 ms-image\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2022-02-15 00:17:50\" data-filename=\"Effective-street-lighting-at-a-grade-separated-intersection-and-merge-lane.-Photo-courtesy-of-Greg-Speier.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"386\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Effective-street-lighting-at-a-grade-separated-intersection-and-merge-lane.-Photo-courtesy-of-Greg-Speier.jpg\" class=\"slider-9384 slide-9396 msDefaultImage\" alt=\"\" rel=\"\" title=\"Un \u00e9clairage de rue efficace \u00e0 une intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e et une voie de fusion. Photo publi\u00e9e avec l&#039;aimable autorisation de Greg Speier\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Effective-street-lighting-at-a-grade-separated-intersection-and-merge-lane.-Photo-courtesy-of-Greg-Speier.jpg 600w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Effective-street-lighting-at-a-grade-separated-intersection-and-merge-lane.-Photo-courtesy-of-Greg-Speier-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Effective-street-lighting-at-a-grade-separated-intersection-and-merge-lane.-Photo-courtesy-of-Greg-Speier-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Une intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e et une voie de fusion avec un \u00e9clairage public efficace. Cr\u00e9dit image : Greg Speier<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-9397 ms-image\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2022-02-15 00:17:50\" data-filename=\"Grade-separated-intersection-in-the-Netherlands.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-1.jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection-in-the-Netherlands.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-1.jpg\" class=\"slider-9384 slide-9397 msDefaultImage\" alt=\"\" rel=\"\" title=\"Intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e aux Pays-Bas. Cr\u00e9dit Alina Burlacu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection-in-the-Netherlands.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection-in-the-Netherlands.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection-in-the-Netherlands.-Credit-Alina-Burlacu-1-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e aux Pays-Bas. Cr\u00e9dit image : Alina Burlacu<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-9398 ms-image\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" data-date=\"2022-02-15 00:17:50\" data-filename=\"Grade-separated-intersection.-Photo-courtesy-of-ARRB..jpg\" data-slide-type=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"389\" src=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection.-Photo-courtesy-of-ARRB..jpg\" class=\"slider-9384 slide-9398 msDefaultImage\" alt=\"\" rel=\"\" title=\"Intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e. Photo publi\u00e9e avec l&#039;aimable autorisation de l&#039;ARRB.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection.-Photo-courtesy-of-ARRB..jpg 600w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection.-Photo-courtesy-of-ARRB.-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Grade-separated-intersection.-Photo-courtesy-of-ARRB.-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Intersection d\u00e9nivel\u00e9e. Cr\u00e9dit image : ARRB<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f2cc52c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f2cc52c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f760f47\" data-id=\"f760f47\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-706184e elementor-widget elementor-widget-template\" data-id=\"706184e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"template.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-template\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"3241\" class=\"elementor elementor-3241\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de665b6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"de665b6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3cdc3f6\" data-id=\"3cdc3f6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div 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class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Intersection &#8211; Grade Separation\u200b Most crashes happen at intersections. The best way of stopping conflicting intersection movements is placing the intersecting roads at different levels, or grade separating them. This can be done with overpasses or interchanges. An overpass is a simple grade separation of two roads whereby there is no actual link between them [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":275,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-356","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=356"}],"version-history":[{"count":71,"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11703,"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/356\/revisions\/11703"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/toolkit.irap.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}